General

Agaricus as saprophyte fed ready-made organic and mineral substances that hyphae of the fungus is removed from the entire surface of the nutrient substrate . In vivo nutrient saprophytic fungi are usually dead decaying plants, humus soil, forest litter, manure accumulations of decayingfarm animals, and so on . d . The chemical composition of culture media is very diverse, so the digestibility of mushrooms varies . This is largely dependent on the characteristics of the mycelium to allocate various enzymes and other biologically active compounds that promote the absorption of nutrients from medium .

The ability to absorb carbon from the mushroom complex compounds culture medium - a very important factor, since the rapiddevelopment of microflora during the preparation of the substrate (fermentation) greatly impoverishes the last simple forms of carbon compounds .

In a food mushroom has a definite value ratio of carbonaceous and nitrogenouscompounds in the medium .

Because mineral elements essential to the fungus considered potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur and iron.

Calcium - one of the most important elements for mushroom . Studies have shown that calcium without mycelium grows . This element eliminates the antagonism of potassium and magnesium, as well as the harmful effects ofexcess of potassium in the medium. In addition, calcium plays an important role in the formation of lumps lignin-humus complex neutralizes fungal metabolite - oxalic acid compound to form an insoluble calcium oxalate adjusts the acidity of the substrate and coating material .

Acidity of the substrate depends primarily on its composition and the initial moisture content . During the fermentation raw materials by microbial processes in the accumulation of the final products, which substrate is acidified. Therefore, the use of gypsum in the initial fermentation period, the pH decreases andimproves the buffering medium, which has a favorable effect on the microflora in the substrate .