Special buildings

Special facilities for mushroom cultivation appeared at the end of the last century . These were detached semi-recessed spaces intended for year-round cultivation of crops . In Russia this type of mushroom was first constructed E . A . Grachev . In such constructions used ceilings waycultivation, loading unloading n substrate was performed manually . The technology used allows you to have growing in every room of 2.2 - 3 turns of Culture year . These structures have several disadvantages: the high complexity of work performance, poor natural ventilation, the fragility of structures .

The first ground mushroom were designed and built in the US in the early 30s . Soon Noble in the UK has designed a mushroom ground type . In various versions, this type of ground with a three-tiered wooden mushroomstationary racks (Figure . 9) used in mushroom growing for a long time .

Mushroomfor growing mushrooms for single-zone system for fixed five-tier shelving units is growing chambers located one or two rows in the building of hangar type . Between the rows of growing cells is a central corridor of Technology . Along the opposite end side of the camera has wide corridors,allows to mechanize the work carried out by filling the chamber cultivation substrate Coating coating material, and so on . d .

However, in a small area of ​​a mushroom reduced the intensity of use of mechanization and, therefore, increases the proportion of depreciation of the value of cars inthe cost of production .

Application in practice of the new method of pasteurization mushroom substrate mycelium and germination in the mass associated with some changes in layout mushroom . Usemushroom cultivation process of pasteurization and germination mycelium mass converts single-zone system, substantially in multizone. In the mushroom may use various ways of cultivation - in containers, stationary multilevel racks in bags made of polymer films. mushrooma space block, a minimum number of which include two tunnel pasteurization bulk substrate; two tunnels for germination mycelium mass and eight cameras mushroom cultivation (Fig. 11) . The use of technology with pasteurization and germination substrate mycelium weight using for sowing modern intensive strainsfungus reduces the cycle of growing up 11 weeks .

When developing a project for the construction ofchampignons complex (Fig. 12) is very important not only to choose the right system and method of cultivation, but also to calculate the dimensions of the premises at all stages of the process, determine the appropriate set of machines and taking into account their size - the size of technological corridors, auxiliary and ancillary facilities .